Qualitative Analysis on the Progress and Difficulty of LGBT Politics in Latin America: Focus on Peru

Abstract

This article analyzes why some Latin American countries have succeeded in implementing laws that protect the rights of LGBT people, while other countries have not. To address this question, the article focuses on LGBT rights in Peru as a negative case study. Peru has enjoyed economic growth over many years, which is considered one of the key factors for increasing tolerance of the LGBT community by heterosexual people. In addition, some LGBT legislators and parties are fighting to legalize civil unions and same-sex marriage. Nonetheless, the Peruvian Congress rejected the civil union bill despite the struggle of the LGBT Community and their supporters. Since the progressive left-wing party is weak in Peru, the right-wing party does not try to capture leftist followers who tend to show more tolerance for LGBT. The lack of consensus between left-wing politicians has divided and weakened their share of the vote. Therefore, the weakness of progressive left-wing politicians allows right-wing politicians to ignore the rights of LGBT. On the other hand, most of the rigid left-wing politicians receive support from rural areas where modernization has partially permeated, and they must prioritize economic issues rather than sexual ones. Therefore, the gap between urban and rural areas and the stagnation of gender issues allows the rigid leftist and right-wing politicians to ignore sexual diversity. This article concludes that the growth gap between urban and rural areas and strong veto players prevent Congress from approving LGBT peoples rights.

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